energy knowledge - solar LED lighting design technical analysis

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A first look at solar lighting composed of:
    The key lies in solar photovoltaic technology and LED lighting a perfect combination of both direct current, low voltage and can be matched. The combination of the two do not need the solar cells produce direct current into alternating current, t hus greatly improving the efficiency of the entire led flood light system. The same time, by means of network technology or the use of battery charge and discharge energy, to make it more obvious advantages.
    1, solar panels
 
    2, the charge and discharge controller
    3, the battery
    4, the load
    5, shell lamps
    Second, the design used must be noted: (LED lawn lamps, for example)
    LED characteristics close to the Zener diode, the work of change in voltage 0,1 V, operating current of may change 20mA or so. For security, under ordinary circumstances, using a series current limiting resistor, a great deal of energy loss is clearly not suitable for solar lawn lamp, and LED brightness changes with the operating voltage. The boost circuit is a good wa y, you can also use a simple constant current circuit, in short, must be automatic current limiting, otherwise will damage the LED.
    2, the peak current of the general LED 50 100mA, reverse voltage of about 6V, careful not to exceed this limit, especially in the reverse polarity of solar battery or battery no-load, high peak voltage boost circuit is likely to exceed this limit, damage LED.
    3, LED temperature characteristic is not good, the temperature rise 5 ° C decreased by 3% luminous flux, the summer should pay attention to.
    The operating voltage discrete, the same model, same batch of LED operating voltage has some differences, and should not be used in parallel. Must be used in parallel, you should consider are flow.
    5 ultra bright white LED color temperature is 6400k to 30000k. At present, the low color temperature and ultra-bright white LED is still not yet entered the m arket, manufactured with super bright white LED solar lawn lights ability to penetrate the relatively poor, so pay attention to the optical design.
 
    6, the electrostatic ultra bright white LED a great influence in the installation to have anti-static facilities, workers have to wear anti-static wrist. Damage by electrostatic ultra bright white LED with eyes may not see out, but life will be shorter.
    7, the combination of the system should pay attention to light sensors, solar lamp light control switch, some designers tend to use a photoresistor to automatically switch lights, in fact, the solar cell itself is a wonderful light sensors do with it sensitive switch , features better than the photoresistor. Not the application of solar garden lights, but only using a 1,2 VNi-Cd batteries, solar lawn lamp, solar modules in series by four solar cell composition, low voltage and lower voltage under low light , as well as bl ack voltage is lower than 0,7 V, resulting in light control switch failure. In this case, plus a transistor direct-coupled amplification, can solve the problem.
    8, the level of the battery voltage to control the load size, solar lights are often demanding of consecutive rainy days can be maintained, which increases the cost of the system. In the consecutive rainy days, the battery voltage drops to reduce the number of high bay lighting or energy saving lamp access, or reduce the solar light-emitting time at the lights every day, which reduces the cost of the system.
    9, dimmer flashes, fade fades is a good way of energy saving, it can increase the solar lawn light irradiation effects on the other hand can change the flicker duty cycle to control the battery average output current, to extend the system working time, or under the same conditions, can reduce costs.
    10 tri-color color energy efficient lamps, switching speed. This is a very important problem, it even determines the service life of solar lawn lamp, when the start of the tri-color color energy efficient lamps as high as 10 to 20 times the starting current, significant decline in the system to withstand such a large current will cause voltage , solar lawn lamp will not start or repeated start, leading to the final damage.
    11, the solar cell is not able to use on the main road lighting. The lighting of the main road there are statutory requirements of the illumination, the solar cell conversion efficiency and price, not able to meet this requirement. With the improvement of the standards of all aspects of technology in the near future, solar cells will be used in the lighting of the main road.
    12, on the storage capacitor, solar battery life more than 25 years, the ordinary life of the battery in 2 to 3 ye ars, so the battery is the weakest link in the solar power system. Energy storage capacitor to a certain extent to solve this problem. The service life of the storage capacitor can reach more than 10 years, and the control circuit is simple, but the high price limits its application, at present only applied in some traffic lights and decorative lights. With the improvement of technical standards, product prices fall, it will be one of the most hope that solar cells, supporting the ideal energy storage components.
    In summary, the solar cell is a huge PN junction, which convert solar energy into electrical energy. LED is another possible electrical energy is converted to light of the PN junction, the conversion efficiency has been improving, I believe will soon be able to reach the level of energy-saving lamps, life can be but can reach more than 100,000 hours, this is the true meaning of The green lighting.